Water heater



1,625,286 April 19, 1927. D. J SHAFFER WATER HEATER Filed Feb. 16, 1924 IN VEN TOR STA faKmggw BY WM A TTORNE YS release Apr. 19, 1927. I

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

\ DANIEL J'USTIN SHAFIER, OF AURORA, ILLINOIS, ASSIGN'OR F ONE-HALF '10 LEW E.

WORTH, OF AURORA, ILLINOIS.

' outer tube.

WATER H EATER.

Application filed February 16, 1924. Serial No. 693,315.

My invention relates to improvements in devices for heating water, more particularly to boilers or hot water heaters, and it consists in the combinations, constructions and arrangements herein described and claimed.

Anobject of my invention is to provide a device for heating water, of the type in which the water is caused to circulate through an inner tube and ba-ckwardly through an outer tube, the latter being dis posed in a combustion chamber, and in which novel and economical means is provided for holding the inner tube Within the A further object is to provide a device in which a maximum flow of water is attained with a relatively simple structure, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost to a minimum.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the following specification, and the novel features of the invention will be particularly pointed out in the appended'claims.

- thus far areordinarily My invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings-forming part of this application, in which Figure 1 is a sectional view of a heater constructed according to my invention, the water heating tubes being shown in section, Figure 2 is a section-along the line 22 of Figure 1, looking upwardly in the direction' of the arrows,

Figure 3 is "a section along the line 3-3 of Figure 4,

Figure 4 is a section along the hue 44 of Figure 3, and

Figure 5is a longitudinal section through a modified form of the device.

In carrying out my'invention, I make use of any suitable casing 1. At 2 I have shown agrate, and below this an ash pit 3, access to the ash pit being by the door 4. Above the grate is a combustion chamber I), having a fuel feed door 6. The parts described found in any water heating device.

Disposed in the combustion chamber 5, is

,a series of vertically extending tubes or pipes. It will be observed from Figure 2 that certain of these pipes or. tubes, such as those shown at 7, extend downwardly from headers 8 nearly to the grate 2. Other tubes 9 terminate some distanceabove the grate. This forms a space 1;; which the rangements might be made, ing from the spirit of the invention.

of the fuel may be placed forv combustion. At the rear of the combustion space is a series of vertically extending water pipes 10 which are fed by at common supply pipe 11, and which communicate at their upper ends with the headers 8. At 12 I have shown an exit flue for carrying away the productsof combustion. It will be understood that the construction described is merely one example of they arrangements of the water tubes in a combustion chamber, and that other ar- Without depart- The main feature of the invention lies in the tubes. themselves and their connection with their respective headers. This is best shown in Figure 4. In this figure, it will be observed that the header 8 is provided with a series of bosses 13, into which are screwed pipes, such as those shown at 7 and 9, these pipes being closed at their lower ends by caps 14. At the upper ends of the pipes 7 and 9 is a segmental partition 15, whose purpose will be explained later.

Centrally disposed in each pipe 7 and-9 is an inner pipe 0r tube 16 which is spaced from the pipe 7 or 9 and which extends to the bottom. The pipes 16 are preferably slit and are flared outwardly so as to provide openings 17, which afiord communication with the interior of the pipes 7 and 9. The pipes 16 are prolonged upwardly into the header 8, and on one side they have a cut-away portion 18 which is above the partition 15 and which. faces in the direction of the partition. On the opposite side of the plpe is a rod or bar 19 for holding the tube 16 in position. A

From the foregoing description of the various parts of the device, the operation thereof may be readily understood. The fire is built and the fuel is placed in-tlie combustion chamber throu h the door 6 in the ordinary'manner. ince the pipe 7 surrounds the fuel, the latter is in intimate contact with the pipes and heats them to a high degree. Water is admitted throu h the supply pipe 11, and passes upward y through the-pipes 10 into the various headers 8, filling the pipes 7 and 9 and also the pipes 16. Owing to the highly heated cdridition of the pipes 7 and 9, the water on the exterior of the pipes 16, but on the interior pjipes 7 and 9, will be highly heated, ar d, bl'es of steam will be gm to form.

This renders the water on the exterior of the pipes 16 lighter than that within it, and consequently there will be a downward flow through the pipes 16, through the openings 17, and upwardly through the pipes 7 and 9 into the headen The purpose of the partitions 15 is to prevent interference with the How of the colder water into the pipes 16,

header 21, from whence it may be used as.

needed.

It will thus be seen that I have provided a device, by means of which water may be caused to circulate downwardly into the hottest part of the combustion chamber, and

toreturn again to the same header.

The advantage just stated is best illustrated in the modification shown in Figure 5.

In this instance, I have applied my invention to an ordinary flue boiler, that .is tosay, a boilerin which the products of combustion pass through the boiler in fines, as distin-' guished from a water tube boiler, where the products of combustion pass around tubes containing water. In Figure 5, the combustion chamber is shown at 22, and the prod nets of combustion pass over the fire wall 23 to the rear of the boiler 24, and thence forwardly through flues 25 to the stack 26. This is the ordinary construction. By lacing the tubes 7 and 9 in the combustion 0 amber having interior tubes 16, as shown in Figure 4, there will be a circulation of neaaeae water from the boiler 25 downwardly through the tubes in precisely the same manner as already explained. The tubes 7 and 9, however, are at the hottest part of the combustion chamber immediately surrounding the fuel, so that the radiating surface is greatly increased, and the eiiiciency of the boiler is greatly increased as a result.

I claim:

1. The combination with a combustion chamber, of a header, means for introducing water at one end of said header, means for.

conveying water or steam away from the opposite end of said header, a plurality of ,pipes carried by and depending from said header, said pipe being arranged in alignment from one end of the header, to the other, the upper ends ofsaid pipes being in communication with the header, an interior pipe disposed in each of said first named pipes, the upper ends of the interior pipes being extended into the header and having cut-away portionsifacing the inlet to the header, the bottoms of said interior pipes having free communication with the interior of said first named p1pes, and a currentchecking partition between said interior ipes and said first-named pipes on the side of-said interior pipes adjacent to said cut-.' away portions. 7

' 2. In a water heater, a header, a plurality of pipes carried by and depending from said header, each of said pipes having a segmental partition at the uppermost end, an interior pipe disposed in each of said first named pipes and provided with'a shoulder arranged to bear against said artition, said interior pipes being spaced rom the first named pipes and communicating therewith near the bottoms, and a cap at the bottom of each of said first named pipes arranged to engage the end of its interior pipe to hold said pipe between the cap and the shoulder.

DANIEL JUSTIN SHAFFER. 

